Benzoic Acid
DESCRIPTION
| INCI Adopted Name: | Benzoic acid |
| CAS Registry No.: | 65-85-0 |
| EINECS No.: | 200-618-2 |
| Molecular Formula: | C6H5COOH |
| Molecular Weight: | 122.1214 |
| Structural Formula: | |
| Synonyms: | Carboxybenzene |
SPECIFICATIONS
Physical Property
Appearance: Benzoic Acid is scaly or needlelike crystal, with odor of benzene or formaldehyde.
Solubility: Benzoic Acid is slightly soluble in water, soluble in ethanol, diethyl ether, chloroform, benzene, carbon disulfide, carbon tetrachloride.
Technical Data
| Item | CP 2005 | BP 98-2009 | USP23-32 | Food Additive GB1901-2005 | E211 | FCCV | Feed Additive NY/T1447-2007 |
| Appearance | White with silky scales or needlelike crystal or crystalline powder | White crystal or white crystalline powder | — | White crystal | White crystal powder | White scaly or needle like crystal | Whate crystal |
| Identification | Passed | Passed | Passed | Passed | Passed | Passed | Passed |
| Assay | ≥99.0% | 99.0-100.5% | 99.5-100.5% | ≥99.5% | ≥99.5% | 99.5%-100.5% | ≥99.5% |
| Solution | — | Clear, colorless | — | — | — | — | — |
| Readily oxidizable substance | Passed | Passed | Passed | Passed | Passed | Passed | Passed★ |
| Readily carbonizable substance | — | No darker than Y5 (Yellow) | No darker than Q(Pink) | Passed | Passed | Passed | — |
| Heavy metal（Pb） | ≤0.001% | ≤10ppm | ≤10ug/g | ≤0.001% | ≤10mg/kg | — | ≤0.001% |
| Iginition residule | ≤0.1% | — | ≤0.05% | 0.0005 | — | ≤0.05% | — |
| Melting point | 121-124.5ºC | 121-124ºC | 121-123ºC | 121-123ºC | 121.5-123.5ºC | 121-123℃ | 121-123℃ |
| Chlorine compound | — | ≤300ppm | — | ≤0.014% | ≤0.07% (Cl) | — | ≤0.014%★ |
| As | — | — | — | ≤2mg/Kg | ≤3mg/kg | — | ≤2mg/Kg |
| Phthalic acid | — | — | — | Passed | — | — | ≤100mg/kg★ |
| Sulphate | ≤0.1% | — | — | ≤0.05% | — | — | |
| Loss on drying | — | — | ≤0.7%（water） | ≤0.5% | ≤0.5% | ≤0.7% | ≤0.5%（water） |
| ☆Polycyclic acid | — | — | — | — | Passed | — | — |
| ☆Hg | — | — | — | — | ≤1mg/kg | — | — |
| ☆Pb | — | — | — | — | ≤5mg/kg | ≤2.0mg/kg☆ | — |
| Biphenyl | — | — | — | — | — | — | ≤100mg/kg |
Note: 1. Item with“☆” is tested once out of 100 batches.
- Item with “★” is tested once a year.
Industrial benzoic acid (Q/WYJ103-2009)
| Grade/ Item | Premium Grade | First Grade | Qualified Grade |
| Appearance | White flaked solid | White/ Light yellow flaked solid | |
| Assay,% ≥ | 99.0 | 98.5 | 98.0 |
| Color (Hazen) ≤ | 50 | 80 | 200 |
| Melting Point, ℃ ≥ | 120 | ||
APPLICATIONS
Benzoic acid and its sodium salt can be used as a bacteriostatic agent for latex, toothpaste, jam or other food, and also as a mordant for dyeing and printing. Benzoic acid can also be used as an intermediate for pharmaceuticals and dyes, for plasticizers and perfumes, and as a rust inhibitor for steel equipment.
Industry use
(1) Production of phenol
The liquid phase oxidation of benzoic acid can produce phenol. Recently, the main production countries are the Netherlands, the United States and Canada. In recent years, Lumus has developed a process for preparing phenol by gas phase oxidation of benzoic acid.
(2) Production of terephthalic acid
Terephthalic acid is one of the raw materials of synthetic fiber polyester. Potassium benzoate undergoes a disproportionation reaction to produce potassium terephthalate and benzene. The reaction mixture is treated with acid to obtain terephthalic acid, and the by-product potassium salt can be recycled. Most of the terephthalic acid in the world is produced from p-xylene, which is much more expensive than toluene.
(3) Production of caprolactam
Caprolactam is the raw material for the production of nylon, all of which are produced with phenol and cyclohexane, and can also be produced with benzoic acid.
(4) Chemical intermediates
Benzoic acid can be used as an intermediate in the production of benzoic acid esters and phthalic acid esters, and benzoic acid esters and phthalic acid esters are important plasticizers. Benzoic acid can be prepared by bromination reaction to produce bromobenzoic acid, and m-bromobenzoic acid can be used as a binder for electrophotographic materials.
(5) Plasticizer
Benzoic acid reacts with diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, and dipropylene glycol to generate important common resin plasticizers, diethylene glycol dibenzoate (DEDB), triethylene glycol dibenzoate (TEDB), and dipropylene glycol. Propylene glycol dibenzoate (DPGDB) is widely used in the production of resins, coatings and adhesives. These esters have high Buddha points and good chemical stability. They are mainly used as plasticizers for polyvinyl chloride resins, polyvinyl acetate resins and polyester resins. In addition, benzyl benzoate can also be used to increase cellulose acetate and nitrocellulose resins. Plasticizer.
(6) Corrosion inhibitor
Sodium benzoate has a corrosion inhibitory effect. For example, adding sodium benzoate to the cooling water of the automobile cooling system (sodium benzoate concentration is 1.5%) can prevent the cooling system from rusting and corrosion. If the cooling device contains cast iron, it is also necessary to add sodium nitrite to increase the corrosion inhibition effect. In addition, sodium benzoate can be mixed into packaging pulp, latex paint, paint, cutting oil and machine oil to prevent metal corrosion.
(7) Paint
Benzoic acid can also be used to improve the gloss, viscosity, strength and chemical resistance of various alkyd resin coatings. Benzoate and benzoic acid can stop the chain growth of alkyd resin polymers and promote the crystallinity of the product. The introduction of benzoic acid into the alkyd resin can make the paint film dry quickly, but it is not solvent-resistant like styrene. The gloss, hardness and water resistance of the paint film made of modified alkyd resin have been improved.
(8) Dye carrier
Benzoic acid and butyl benzoate are widely used in the dyeing of polyester fibers. They can be used as dye carriers when dyeing hydrophobic polyester fibers.
(9) Lubricant
Sodium benzoate can be used as a lubricant in metal processing and pharmaceutical production.
Food and medicine
(1) Preservative
Benzoic acid and sodium benzoate have the effect of sterilizing and inhibiting the growth of bacteria, and are low in toxicity and tasteless, so they are widely used as preservatives. In slightly acidic media, only 0.1% concentration of benzoic acid can inhibit bacterial growth. Changing the pH value has a great impact on the bactericidal and antibacterial effects of benzoate, and its effect is significantly reduced in a reduced medium, and the best effect is when the pH value is between 2.5 and 4.5.
In the food industry, benzoic acid and sodium benzoate can be used as preservatives for soy sauce, kimchi, cider, fruit juice, and feed. In medicine, cosmetics, toothpaste, powder, tobacco, etc., benzene acid and sodium benzoate are also used as preservatives. Sodium benzoate has a greater solubility in water and is usually used more, but its pH value is higher, and its bactericidal and antibacterial ability is much weaker than that of benzoic acid.
(2) Drugs
Benzoic acid, sodium benzoate, benzyl benzoate, etc. can be used in the manufacture of various drugs to treat arthritis, abscesses, bronchitis, skin diseases, etc., and can also be used as local anesthetics [9]. Benzoic acid can be used to make benzoic acid salicylic acid ointment. The benzoic acid salicylic acid ointment is a medicine made by adding lanolin and yellow petrolatum as the main raw materials of benzoic acid and salicylic acid. Among them, the combination of benzoic acid and salicylic acid can treat adult dermatophytes, superficial fungal infections such as tinea corporis, tinea pedis and tinea pedis.
(3) Fixing agent
Benzoic acid can be used as a fixative for fruit juice drinks. It can be used as an ointment and used as a fragrance. It can also be used in edible flavors such as chocolate, lemon, orange, subberry, nut, and candied fruit. It is also commonly used in tobacco flavors. Because of the low solubility of benzoic acid, it must be fully stirred or dissolved in a small amount of hot water or ethanol. When used in concentrated fruit juices for soft drinks, benzoic acid is easily volatilized with water vapor, so its sodium salt is often used.
PACKAGING
Standard packaging: 25kg/bag, inner is PE film bag, outer bag is PP film bag.
Available special request
STORAGE
Benzoic Acid shall be stored in a well-ventilated, cool and dry place which is out of direct sunlight. Keep containers tightly closed when not in use.
PERIOD OF VALIDITY
24 months